Scientists at Israel’s Weizmann Institute devised a 7-year innovative plan to use sensors on the Juno spacecraft to determine the mass and depth of Jupiter’s red spot for the first time. The huge storm is the size of the Earth and extends to a depth of about 500 kilometers below the planet’s clouds.

https://wis-wander.weizmann.ac.il/space-physics/jupiter%E2%80%99s-great-red-spot-measured-depth-first-time

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abf1015