(Thanks to algemeiner.com) Israel Technion researchers have developed a new camera that enables divers and submarines to see above the surface of the water without a periscope. The Stella Maris (Marine Refractive Imaging Sensor) counters distortions from the dynamic refraction of water waves.
http://www.algemeiner.com/2014/04/30/israeli-invention-obviates-divers%E2%80%99-need-for-periscopes/