Deep learning, using artificial neural networks has advanced so quickly that scientists do not know how AI made a particular decision. IT engineers at Ben Gurion University developed DISCOVER and with startup AIVF (see here) reverse-engineered how AI decides if an IVF embryo is viable.
https://www.bgu.ac.il/en/news-and-articles/aihelpdoctors/
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-51136-9
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-09-method-ai-doctors-decipher-medical.html